INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF BIRDS
Paris, 18 October 1950
The Governments signatory to this Convention,
Realizing the danger of extermination which threatens
certain species of birds and concerned about the numerical
decrease in other species, particularly migratory species;
and
Considering that, in the interests of science, the
protection of nature and the economy of each nation, all
birds should as a matter of principle be protected;
Have recognized the need to amend the International
Convention for the Protection of Birds useful to
Agriculture, signed in Paris on 19 March 1902, and have
agreed on the following provisions:
Article 1
The purpose of this Convention is to protect birds in the
wild state.
Article 2
With the exceptions specified in articles, 6 and 7 of this
Convention, protection shall be given:
a) to all birds, at least during their breeding season, and
to migrants, during their return flight to their nesting
ground, particularly in March, April, May, June and July;
b) to species which are in danger of extinction or are of
scientific interest. throughout the year.
Article 3
With the exceptions specified in articles 6 and 7 of this
Convention, the import, export, transport, sale, offer for
sale, giving or possession of any live or dead bird or any
part of a bird killed or captured in contravention of the
provisions of this Convention, during the season in which
the species concerned is protected, shall be prohibited.
Article 4
With the exceptions specified in articles 6 and 7 of this
Convention, the removal or destruction of nests under
construction or in use and the taking or damaging,
transport, import or export, sale, offer for sale, purchase
or destruction of eggs or their shells or broods of young
birds in the wild state, during the season in which a
particular species is protected and particularly during its
breeding season, shall be prohibited.
Nevertheless, these prohibitions shall not apply, on the
one hand, to eggs lawfully collected and accompanied by a
certificate establishing either that they are to be used
for propagating or scientific purposes or that they come
from captive birds and, on the other hand, to lapwing eggs,
solely in the case of the Netherlands, where exceptional
local conditions have already been recognized.
Article 5
With the exceptions specified in articles 6 and 7 of this
Convention, the High Contracting Parties undertake to
prohibit the methods enumerated below as being of such a
nature as to result in the mass killing or capture of birds
or to cause them unneccessary suffering.
However, in countries where such methods are at present
permitted by law, the High Contracting Parties undertake
gradually to introduce into their
legislation measures designed to prohibit or restrict their
use:
a) snares, bird-line, traps, hooks, nets, poisoned bait,
stupefying agents, blinded decoy-birds,
b) decoy-ponds with nets,
c) mirrors, torches, and other artificial lights,
d) fishing nets or tackle for the capture of aquatic birds,
e) magazine or automatic sporting-guns holding more than
two cartridges,
f) in general, all firearms, other than shoulder arms,
g) the pursuit and shooting of birds from motorboats in
inland waters and, from 1 March to 1 October, in
territorial and off-shore waters,
h) the use of motor vehicles or air-borne machines to shoot
or drive birds,
i) the offering of rewards for the capture or killing of
birds,
j) the right of unrestricted shooting and netting shall be
regulated throughout the year and suspended during the
breeding season on the sea and along the banks and coasts,
k) all other methods designed for the mass capture or
killing of birds.
Article 6
If, in a particular region, one species is found to be
jeopardizing the future of certain agricultural or animal
products by damaging fields, vineyards gardens, orchards,
woods, game or fish or threatening to destroy or simply
diminish one or more species whose conservation is
desirable, the appropriate authorities may issue individual
permits, lifting the prohibitions established in articles 2
and 5 in the case of that species. It shall, however, be
unlawful to purchase or sell birds killed in this manner or
to transport them outside the region where they were
killed.
If national laws contain other provisions designed to
reduce the damage caused by certain species of birds in
such a way as to assure the perpetuation of those species,
such provisions may be maintained by the High Contracting
Parties.
In view of the special importance of economic conditions
in Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Faroe Islands, the
appropriate authorities in those countries may make
exceptions and permit certain derogations from the
provisions of this Convention. If Iceland should accede to
this Convention, it shall be entitled to enjoy the benefit
of such derogations upon request.
No measures shall be adopted in any country of such a
nature as to cause the complete destruction of the
indigenous or migratory species referred to in this
article.
Article 7
Exceptions to the provisions of this Convention may be
permitted by the appropriate authorities in the interests
of science and education, the propagation and breeding of
game birds and falconry, depending on the circumstances and
provided that all necessary precautions are taken to
prevent abuses. The provisions concerning transport
contained in articles 3 and 4 shall not apply to the United
Kingdom.
In each country, the prohibitions enumerated in article 3
shall not apply to the plumage of species of birds which
may be killed there.
Article 8
Each Contracting Party undertakes to prepare a list of
birds which may lawfully be killed or captured in its own
territory, subject to compliance with the conditions laid
down in this Convention.
Article 9
Each Contracting Party shall have the right to draw up a
list of species of indigenous and migratory birds which may
be kept in captivity by individuals and shall establish the
permissible methods of capture and the conditions in which
birds may be transported or kept in captivity.
Each Contracting Party shall regulate trade in the birds
protected by this Convention and take all necessary
measures to limit the expansion of such trade.
Article 10
The High Contracting Parties undertake to consider and
adopt measures to prevent the destruction of birds by
hydrocarbons and other causes of water pollution, by
lighthouses, electric cables, insecticides or poisons or by
any other means. They shall endeavour to educate children
and the public in order to convince them of the need to
preserve and protect birds.
Article 11
In order to alleviate the consequences of the rapid
disappearance of suitable breeding grounds for birds as a
result of human intervention, the High Contracting Parties
undertake to encourage and promote immediately, by every
possible means, the creation of water or land reserves of
suitable size and location where birds can nest and raise
their bodies safely and where migratory birds can also rest
and find their food undisturbed.
This Convention shall be ratified and the instruments of
ratification shall be deposited with the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs of the French Republic, which shall notify
their receipt to all States that have signed and acceded to
the Convention.
Any State not a signatory to this Convention may accede
thereto. Accessions shall be notified to the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs of the French
Republic, which shall inform all the States that have
signed and acceded to the Convention accordingly.
This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day
following the date of deposit of the sixth instrument of
ratification or accession. For each State ratifying or
acceding to the Convention after that date, it shall enter
into force on the ninetieth day following the date of
deposit by that State of its instrument of ratification or
accession.
This Convention shall supersede, between the countries
which ratify or accede to it, the provisions of the 1902
International Convention.
In Witness Whereof, the undersigned, duly authorized by
their respective Governments, have signed this Convention.
Done at Paris, on 18 October 1950.
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